explanation:
| written | classical romanization | my romanization | notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ancient greek | modern greek | |||
| α | a | a/ā | a | |
| αι | ae | ai | e | |
| αυ | au | aw/āw | af | normally |
| av | before vowel or voiced consonant | |||
| β | b | v | ||
| γ | g | g | normally | |
| y | before e or i | |||
| γγ | ng | |||
| γκ | gg | start of word | ||
| ng | middle or end of word | |||
| γξ | nx | |||
| γχ | nch | nkh | nh | |
| δ | d | |||
| ε | e | |||
| ει | e/i | ei | i | |
| ευ | eu | ew | ef | normally |
| ev | before vowel or voiced consonant | |||
| ζ | z | |||
| η | e | ē | i | |
| ηυ | eu | ēw | if | normally |
| iv | before vowel or voiced consonant | |||
| θ | th | |||
| ι | i | i/ī | i | |
| (ϳ) | j | y | ||
| κ | c | k | ||
| λ | l | l | ||
| μ | m | |||
| μπ | b | start of word | ||
| mp | mb | middle or end of word | ||
| ν | n | |||
| ντ | dd | start of word | ||
| nt | nd | middle or end of word | ||
| ξ | x | |||
| ο | o | |||
| οι | oe | oi | i | |
| ου | o/u | u | ||
| π | p | |||
| ρ | r | |||
| ῥ | rh | |||
| σ/ς, (ϻ) | s | |||
| τ | t | |||
| υ | y | i | ||
| υι/ῡ | ui/yi | ȳ | i | |
| (ϝ) | v | w | ||
| φ | ph | f | ||
| χ | ch | kh | h | |
| ψ | ps | |||
| ω | o | ō | o | |
| ωυ | oy | ōw | oi | |
| (ϙ) | q | only for typological purposes in romanization | ||
| (ͳ) | ts | |||
| ´ | ´ | |||
| ` | ` | |||
| ◌̔ | h | |||
| ◌̓ | ||||
| ◌̃/◌̑ | ˆ | |||
| ◌̈ | ◌̈ | ◌̈ | may be removed if the ambiguity doesn't exist in the romanization | |
other notes (ancient greek):
acute, grave, and circumflex must fall on the first vowel of a diphthong.
as it is redundant, macrons are removed when there is a circumflex.
other notes (modern greek)
acute, grave, and circumflex must fall on the first vowel of a diphthong.
unstressed i disappears between y and a vowel, and it turns into y between a consonant in the list (v,b,f,d,dd,th,g,gg,h,r,s,z) and a vowel (and not before a r before a consonant). examples:
βιβλίο -> vivlío
υιός -> iós
μικρός -> mikrós
καράβια -> karávya
φωτιά -> fotyá
για -> ya
χιόνι -> hyómi
κιάλια -> kyálya
νοιάζομαι -> nyázome
examples:
| ancient greek | modern greek | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΖΕΎΣ | ΠΟΤΑΜΟΊ | ἈΧΕΛΩ͂ΙΟΣ | ϘΌΡΙΝΘΟΣ | ΥἽ | Ζευς | Αχελώος | Νήσος Μπουβέ | Κούβα | Εύβοια | |
| meaning | Zeus | rivers; the potamoi | Achelous river | Corinth (ancient doric variety) | dative singular of ὗς (hŷs, 'pig') (e.g. "(the) pig" in "She gave the pig food.") | Zeus | Achelous river | Bouvet island | Cuba | Euboea |
| pronunciation (ipa) | /zděu̯s/ → /ˈzeʍs/ → /ˈzeɸs/ → /ˈzefs/ | /po.ta.mǒi̯/ → /po.taˈmy/ → /po.taˈmy/ → /po.taˈmi/ | /a.kʰe.lɔ̂ːi̯.os/ → /a.kʰeˈlo.os/ → /a.çeˈlo.os/ → /a.çeˈlo.os/ | /kó.rin.tʰos/ → /ˈko.rin.θos/ → /ˈko.rin.θos/ | /hy̌ː/ → /ˈ(h)y/→/ˈy/→/ˈi/ | /ˈzefs/ | /a.çeˈlo.os/ | /ˈni.sos buˈve/ | /ˈku.va/ | /ˈe.vʝa/ |
| classical romanization | Zeus | potamoi | Acheloos | Corinthos | hui | |||||
| my romanization | Zéws | potamói | Akhelō̂ios | Qórinthos | hȳ́ | Zefs | Ahelóos | Nísos Buvé | Kúva | Évvya |
| Wiktionary's romanization | Zeús | potămoí | Akhelōîos | Qórinthos | huí | Zefs | Achelóos | Nísos Bouvé | Koúva | Évvoia |
| notes | would be k instead of q, only included in typological contexts | |||||||||
also, this is for english. changes must be made for other languages, like swapping d and dd in Welsh and writing ly and ny as ll and ñ in spanish.
| dbwabam meta | technical |
|---|---|
| blog | credits |